Oil burner



C. H. KREBS April 30, 1929.

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 2'7. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet A TTORNEYJ.

INVENTOR 254 M C. H. KREBS April 30, I929.

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 27. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet A TTORNEY-S.

Patented Apr. 30, 1929.

UNITED STATES CHARLES H. KREBS, F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed September 27, 1928. Serial No. 308,618.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners. v

It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide an oil burner in which cheap oilsfincluding crankcase drain oil, may be readily utilized, the fuel burning thoroughly in a gasified form regardless of whether it is oil of a high or low specific gravity.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner having a gravity oil feed and a duct for admitting air directly and most efficiently from the atmosphere to the burner, the arrangement being such that there is no necessity for a motor, blower or i an, and in which there is no danger of oil clogging, nor carbon troubles, and the burner is self-cleaning in its operation.

'A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner having an auxiliary kerosene oil supply line used only for initial generation, whereby all grades of oil may be initially readily heated to the proper flash and fire points to properly heat the burner throughout.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner in which the fuel line is equipped with a chambered, self-cleaning, drainable, oil straining device which positively maintains a free How of oil at all times.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner having an automatic oil drain and shut-otl device, which operates either when the burner is or is not in operation, to prevent an undue accumulation of oil in the burner bowl, serving as a check against fires and oil overflow due to carelessness or accidents.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner in which the surface of the burner bowl is checkered to break up and film the oil whereby it will be readily heated to the Hush and fire points for rapid gasilication for combustion during the initial generation operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner in which an oil gasiiicr is positioned within the burner bowl and is unattached to the bowl within its inner confines and is above a central air duct, the oil gasificd being constructed to completely gasity all grades of oil by proper distribution and heating of both the oil and admitted tom portion of air, andthe application of the oil and air to each other being such as to promote the greatest efficiency.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner in which the fuel line includes an oil regulation angle valve which is non-cloggable, and which is formed with an external indicating dial.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner which isof very simple construction, is extremely eflicient and economical in its operation, is strong and durable, and is well adapted for the purposes described.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of the improved oil burner and its parts and combinations, as set forth in the claims, and all equivalents thereof.

In the accompanying drawings in which the same reference characters indicate the same parts in all-of the views:

Fig. 1 is a side view, with parts in vertical section of the improved oil burner Fig. 2 is a horizontal detail sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal detail sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the burner upper crown, part being broken away and shown in section;

Fig. 5 is anenlar ed plan view of the burner open rim meml ier; and

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the automatic fuel line shut-ofl device.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, it will appear that the" numeral 10 indicates the annular wall forming the combustion chamber of a heater and within the combustion chamber is positioned an annular, massive refractory burner bowl 11, the space between the combustion chamber wall 10 and the burner with cement, as at 12. The bottom portion of said burner bowl is formed with a plurality of grooves 13 arranged in a checkered formation for a purpose hereinafter to be explained.

An annular wall 14 depends from the botsaid burner bowl, and a plate 15, having a central bored hub portion 16,

is bolted to said annular wall, forming a hot air chamber 17 of-substantial proporbowl 11 being filled tions. Said late is formed. with a plurality of-radially disposed air openings 18 which are controlled by a fan shaped damper 19 revolubly mounted adjacent the upper surface of said plate and provided with a handle 2O projecting laterally for operating purposes. The burner bowl 11 is further provided with an upstanding neck 21 inwardly ofthe depending flange 14 and said neck defines an air duct 22 leading upwardly from the hot air chamber 17" which neck also serves as an oil retaining wall. Also, projecting inwardly from said neck are a plurality of spaced, radial ribs or fins 21 which facilitate the heating of the burner bowl and aid in generation. In addition, initially, oil may drip onto said fins and film thereon, making ignition of the oil easier.

A suitable base member 23 is provided for said. burner and the lower end portion of a post 24. is screwed thereinto. The upper end portion of said post enters a T 25 whose lateral extension 25 provides a clean-out opening and is normally closed by a removable plug 26. A short pipe 27 is extended between the upper end portion of said T and the depending end portion of the bored hub 16, and. another pipe 28 extends from the upper end portion of said hub vertically centrally through the hot air chamber and air duct and enters the bored internally threaded hub portion 29 of a lower open rim member 29.

upper crown 30 is securely joined to the lower open. rim. member 29 by a nipple 31 their respective channeled hubs, thereby providing an air space area between the two members, and the upper end portion of said. crown 80 is reduced, at 32, and its channel is closed, above the below described orifices 341-, by a threaded removable plug 82 which also serves as a means for regulating the oil out flow through said orifices. A. refractory mushroom hood 83 is removably mounted on said reduced portion 32.

.The upper crown 30 is of less diameter than the open rim member 29 and is seown indetail in Fig. l whereinit will be seen to be formed with spaced apart fuel orifices 34 from which the oil is distributed over its upper surtace and initially drips onto the downwardly inclined upper face of the open rim. member 30 between distributing ribs 36. The lower open rim member 29, shown in 5, is formed with an inner, annular upstanding neck to prevent the oil from entering the open portion 35 inwardly of said neck 3?, and centrally within which said.

rim member is formed with a spannered, channeled hub portion. The downwardly sloping upper surface of said rim member, outwardly of the neck 37', is provided with spaced-apart radial ribs 38 to aid in the mixture of oil and air.

Fuel in. the form of any type of high or low grade oil is held in asupply tank or container (not shown), and is fed to the burner by gravity through an oil line 39. In said oil line is a chambered screening device, in the form of a cylindrical closed top member 40 with a removable bottom member 41. Within said member 40 is a removable cylinder 42 having its top covered with a fine mesh wire screen 43 and also having a side opening .44 therein. The member 40 has an upper outlet opening 45 and an opposite, somewhat lower inlet open-- ing 46 registering with the opening 44- and entered by thefuel line 39. The bottom member 41 of the screening device is provided with a drain valve 47, while the upper end of said device has an air cock 48. Oil from the fuel line enters the screening device and initially fills the chamber and lilters upwardly through the screen 43 and then out of the outlet opening 45. The upward movement of the oil through the screen keeps itclean and open constantly and foreign matter collects in the bottom portion of the member 40 and can be removed theretrom when necessary. Also, the screening device may be drained by the valve 17. and when this is done the fuel line to said member 40 may be closed by a valve 4. The air cock 4-8 is used only when initially entering oil into the line and when draining the member 40.

A short pipe 50 extends outwardly from the outlet opening 45 of the screening device and enters an angular member 51, the passage of which is controlled by a conventional angle valve operated by a valve stem 53 carrying an operating wheel 54 at its outer end. An indicating dial 52 is supported below said wheel and the latter is formed with an indicator 55 to show on the dial, positions of said angle valve. The angularity of the member 51 facilitates the flow of oil through it by downward gravi tation.

An automatic shut-oil valve, indicated generally by the numeral 56, and to be more fully described later, is located below and forwardly oi the member 51 and is connected with the same by a. pipe 57. An elongated pipe 58 extends from the other side of said shut-ott valve 56 and enters a side opening 59 in thehub portion 16 of the burner member 15., said pipe therefore communicating with the bore 60 of the portion 16, and the pipes. 81 thereabove. The pipe 553 is bisected by a T joint 61 and a kerosene supply line 62 extending from a source of kerosene supply (not shown) enters said 'l" joint. In said kerosene line 62 is a hand valve 63 for controlling the kerosene llow.

ll' ithin. the chambered member 56 of the automatic shutoff valve is avalve member Fig. (l) operated by a laterally eatendmg stein having an operating arm 06 ltd secured on its outer end portion, said arm also being formed with a cam member 67. A bracket 68 is clamped on the pipe 58 adjacent the member 56 and a pin 69 is slidably mounted in said bracket and is normally urged outwardly by a confined spring 70 coiled thereabout. Said pin has a beveled head 71 to ride on said cam member 67. The bottom portion of the burner bowl 11 is formed with an oil overflow opening 72 to which connects a pipe extension for an overflow pipe 73 having an angular outer end portion 73' terminating over an oil cup 74 depended from the outer end portion of the arm 66. The result of this arrangement is that when the burner is functioning properly the members of the valve 56 will be in the position shown, permitting free oil through the pipe 58 to the burner. However, if unburned oil collects in the bowl it will flow out through the pipe (3 into the cup 74 and eventually the weight of the overflow oil within the cup will pull the lever arm 66 downwardly and the headed pin 69 will ride on. the cam 67. This movement of the lever arm will close the valve 64' through the stem 65 and prevent further flow of oil to the burner. When the shutoff valve is open, it is release. bly so held by the engagement of the head 71 of the pin 69 with the shouldered portion of the cam, as shown.

In the operation of the improved oil burner, the valve 63 controlling the auxiliary kerosene line is first turned on and a match is applied in the burner bowl to lgnite the kerosene discharged thereinto. After a short period, as the burner bowl, generator and hood become heated, the valve 54 controlling the oil line is gradually opened, and the valve 63 oil the kerosene line is gradually closed until only oil flowing into the burner. The oil, of course, is discl'iarged and through the orifices 34 of the upper crown 30, where it initially drips onto the lower open riin member 29 which causes it to be splattered into theburner bowl. As the oil ill-ins from the upper crown 39 it is inter-- scctcd actively by an air suction which gives it a. spray like action and breaks up so that it will ignite readily. The air 'ises through thrports 18 of the plate 15 into the air chamber 17 andihen rises through the air duct 22, at which point the air divides with some flowing into the burner bowl, while the rest of the air rises through the air open ings 3.5 in the lower open rim member and travels under the mushroom hood, and between the crown 30 and open rim member 29. The amount of air admitted is, of course, controlled by the damper 19. In itially, oil is tree to dip from the upper crown onto the open rim upper surface and int-a the burner bowl, but after both the oi.

and air are properly heated, which is very quickly done, complete gasification takes place and is constantly maintained within the gasifier equipment.

Initially the oil within the burner quickly vaporizes and forms a thoroughly and'constantly gasified flame burning outwardly from in under the mushroom hood, in susthe spacedly positioned oil gasifier and also leads through thelower open rim member thereby providing a two-way air distribution and a highly efiicient means of mixing with the oil and causing it to be constantly gasified under properly generated heat. Consequently thorough combustion is effected without resulting carbon or soot.

As previously described, a novel form of oil strainer is interposed in the oil line and the oil line and members therein are arranged to facilitate the low of oil by gravitation and are non-clogging. Also, the ap paratus is equipped with a unique and effective form of automatic shut-off valve.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the improved oil, burner is of very simple and novel construction, and is well adapted for the purposes described.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an oil burner, an annular, refractory burner bowl having central opening, an air chamber formed below said bowl, the bottom portion of said air chamber being provided with air inlet openings, a damper controlling said openings, an upstanding-neck formed on said burner bowl around said central opening formingan air duct in connnunicm tion with said air chamber, a fuel supply conduit extending vertically upwardly through said bcuvl central opening, an upper crown member connected with the upper end portion of said conduit, the upper end portion of said conduit conducting fuel thereonto, an'opcn rim member mounted below the first mentioned crown member and slightly larger than the same and formed with air openings and having its upper suri'ace downwardly directed, and a hood member mounted above the upper crown mem ber and covering the same.

. 2. In an oil burner, an annular, refractory burner bowl having a central opening, an air chamber formed below said bowl, the bottom portion of said air chamber being provided with air inlet openings, a damper controlling said openings, an upstandingneck formed on said burner bowl around said central opening forming an air duct in' communication with said air chamber, a fuel supply conduit extending vertically upwardly through said bowl central opening, an upper annular, outwardly, downwardly inclined crown member connected with the upper end portion of said conduit and having fuelorifices in communication with said conduit, the upper surface of said crown member also being formed with fuel flow distributing ribs outwardly of said orifices, an annular, outwardly, downwardly inclined open rim member mounted spacedly below said upper crown member, the upper surface of said rim member being formed with battle ribs, and a mushroom shaped refractory hood mounted above the upper crown member and forming a spaced covering for both crown member and the rim member.

3. In an oil burner, an annular refractory burner bowl formed with a central opening in its bottom portion and annular inwardly rounded and tapered air chamber therebelow and in communication therewith, there being an upstanding neck within the bowl around the opening forming amoil retaining wall, an apertured closure plate removably secured to the bottom portion of said air chamber, said plate being formed centrally with channeled upper and lower hubs, an air regulating plate, revolubly mounted on said closure plate about one of its hubs and having an outwardly projecting operating handle, and an oil gasifier mounted within said burner bowl about said neck and unattached with respect to the inner confines of said bowl.

at. In an oil burner, an annular refractory burner bowl formed with a central opening in its bottom portion and a drain opening spaced therefrom, there being below said central opening a dome shaped air chamber communicating with said central opening, an upstanding neclr within the bowl surrounding said central opening and forming an oil retaining wall, an apertured closure plate rcmovably secured to and closing the lower end portion of said chamber and formed with opposed central bored hubs, a Valve plate inovably mounted on said closure plate, a tubular oil conduit extending centrally through said neck and air chamber and entering a hub of said closure plate, and an oil gasifier mounted centrally within said bowl over the neclr and in communication with said oil conduit, said gasitier comprising an 11 per oil distributing, circular downwardly mclined crown member formed with a central bored hub, upper end portion of said hub having oil orifices in its side wall communicating with the hub bore, a removable plug closing the upper end portion of said hub bore and adjustable to regulate the oil outflow through said orifices, a circular, downwardly inclined open rim member having a curved under-surface and also an upstanding neck at the outer edge of its open portion and a downwardly extending channeled hub spanner-ed within the open portion of said rim member, said rim member being spacedly mounted immediately below the crown member with its upper surface forming an oil drip splattering means and its open portion together with its under-surface forming an air conducting means both upwardly with respect to said neck and laterally, and a massive, circular, downwardly inclined and curved refractory hood member, graduated as to thickness for the considerable absorption of heat and having acircular central recess in its upper inner surface to permit its removable mounting on the upper portion of the hub of the crown member, said hood being laterally spaced from the crown and open rim members.

5. In an oil burner, an annular refractory burner bowl formed with a central opening with an upstanding neck surounding said opening and an annular refractory wall do pending from the bottom portion of said bowl below the opening and inwardly of the sides of the bowl and forming an upwardly inwardly tapered air chamber, an apertured plate secured to the lower edges of said wall and closing the bottom of said chamber, said plate having a bored central hub, an oil conduit entering a bore of said hub and having a portion extending upwardly outwardly of another bore of the hub through said bowl central opening, and an oil gasifier carried by, the upper end portion of said conduit and in communication thcrcwith.

6. In an oil burner,.an annular refractory burner bowl formed with a central opening with an upstanding neck surrounding said opening and an annular refractory wall depending from the bottom portion of said bowl below the opening and inwardly of the sides of the bowl and forming an inwardly rounded air chamber, an apertured plate socured to the lower ed es of said wall and closin the bottom of said chamber, said plate having a bored central hub with an inner portion of the bore being enlarged to form an oil pocket, an oil conduit entering a bore of said hub and having a portion extending upwardly outwardly of another bore of the hub through said bowl central opening, and an oil gasifier carried by the upper end portion of said conduit and in communication therewith.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

CHARLES H. KREBS. 

